Understanding Uterine Fibroids
Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that form in or on the uterus. Many women develop fibroids during their childbearing years. However, not everyone with fibroids will notice symptoms. According to the CDC, fibroids are quite common. In fact, up to 70% of women may have them by age 50. While most fibroids are harmless, some can cause discomfort or health problems. Knowing about uterine fibroids can help you spot symptoms early and seek the right care.
Common Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids
Many women with fibroids do not have any symptoms. Still, some may notice changes in their bodies. For example, you might experience: Heavy or long periods Pain or pressure in the lower belly Frequent urination Constipation Pain during sex Back or leg pain
Sometimes, fibroids can also cause problems with pregnancy or fertility. But not all women will have these issues. If you notice any of these symptoms, it is wise to talk to your doctor.
What Causes Uterine Fibroids?
Doctors are still learning what causes fibroids. However, several factors may play a role. For instance, hormones like estrogen and progesterone help fibroids grow. Genetics can also increase your risk. If your mother or sister had fibroids, you may be more likely to get them. In addition, certain lifestyle factors may raise your risk. These include Starting your period at a young age Being overweight Eating a lot of red meat Having high blood pressure
Even though these factors can increase risk, anyone can develop fibroids. Therefore, regular check-ups are important.
How Are Uterine Fibroids Diagnosed?
Doctors use several methods to find fibroids. First, your doctor may ask about your symptoms and medical history. Next, a pelvic exam can help check for changes in your uterus. Often, doctors use imaging tests to confirm fibroids. These tests include Ultrasound: Uses sound waves to create pictures of the uterus MRI: Gives detailed images of fibroids and their size Hysteroscopy: Looks inside the uterus with a small camera
With these tests, your doctor can decide the best treatment for you.
Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids
Treatment for uterine fibroids depends on your symptoms, age, and plans for pregnancy. Sometimes, no treatment is needed if you have mild or no symptoms. However, if fibroids cause problems, several options are available. These include:
Medical Treatments
Medicines to control heavy bleeding or pain Hormone therapy to shrink fibroids non-hormonal drugs for symptom relief
Surgical Treatments
Myomectomy: Removes fibroids but keeps the uterus Hysterectomy: Removes the uterus (for severe cases) Uterine artery embolization: Blocks blood flow to shrink fibroids
Your doctor will help you choose the best treatment for your needs. In many cases, less invasive options work well.
Lifestyle Guidance and Prevention Tips
While you cannot always prevent fibroids, healthy habits may lower your risk. For example, you can: Eat more fruits and vegetables Maintain a healthy weight Exercise regularly Limit red meat and processed foods Manage stress with relaxation techniques
Also, regular check-ups help catch fibroids early. If you notice changes in your periods or pain, see your doctor soon.
When to See a doctor
If you have heavy bleeding, pain, or other symptoms, do not wait. Early care can prevent problems and improve your quality of life. Remember, most fibroids are not dangerous. But it is always best to get checked if you have concerns.
Consult a gynecologist for personalized advice on uterine fibroids.